6.1 ±³È¯ ¹æ½Ä ¡ª ¸Þ½ÃÁö¸¦ ÆÐŶ (Packet)À̶ó°í ºÎ¸£´Â ÀÏÁ¤ Å©±â·Î ÀÚ¸£°í °¢ ÆÐŶ¸¶´Ù ÁÖ¼Ò µîÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ Çì´õ (Header)¸¦ ÷°¡ÇÏ¿© Çì´õ³»ÀÇ Á¦¾î Á¤º¸¿¡ µû¶ó¼ ÆÐŶÀ» ÃàÀû ±³È¯ÇÏ¿© ¼Û½ÅÇÏ´Â ±³È¯¸Á. 6.1.1 ¼ºñ½º ÇüÅ (1) °¡»ó ȸ¼± (Virtual Circuit) ¼ºñ½º ¡ª µ¥ÀÌÅÍÀÇ Àü¼Û Àü¿¡ ¼Û½Å ½ºÅ×À̼ǰú ¼ö½Å ½ºÅ×ÀÌ¼Ç »çÀÌ¿¡ ÆÐŶÀÌ Àü¼ÛµÉ ³í¸®Àû °æ·Î(°¡»ó ȸ¼±)¸¦ ¼³Á¤. ¡ª ÀÏ´Ü °æ·Î°¡ ¼³Á¤µÇ¸é µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ¸Þ½ÃÁö¿¡ ¼ÓÇÑ ¸ðµç ÆÐŶµéÀº µ¿ÀÏÇÑ °¡»ó ȸ¼±À» ÅëÇÏ¿© ÃàÀû ±³È¯ ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î Àü¼Û. ¡ª °¡»ó ȸ¼±ÀÇ ¼³Á¤ (Setup Phase), µ¥ÀÌÅÍ Àü¼Û (Data Transfer Phase), °¡»ó ȸ¼± ÇØÁ¦ (Shut Down Phase)ÀÇ 3´Ü°è°¡ ¼öÇàµÊ. ¡ª ÀåÁ¡ ¥¡) °¡»ó ȸ¼±ÀÌ ¼³Á¤µÈ ÈÄ¿¡´Â ³ëµå¿¡¼ ÆÐŶÀÇ °æ·Î¸¦ °áÁ¤Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ½Ã°£ Áö¿¬ÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¹Ç·Î ´ë·®ÀÇ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ ¿¬¼ÓÀ¸·Î Àü¼ÛÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥ ¹æ½Äº¸´Ù È¿À²Àû. ¥¢) °°Àº ¸Þ½ÃÁö¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ÆÐŶµéÀº °¡»óȸ¼±À» µû¶ó ¿¬¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î Àü¼Û. µû¶ó¼ ¼ö½Å ½ºÅ×À̼ǿ¡´Â °°Àº ¸Þ½ÃÁö¿¡ ¼ÓÇÑ ¸ðµç ÆÐŶµéÀÌ ¼Û½Å ½ºÅ×À̼ǿ¡¼ º¸³½ ¼ø¼´ë·Î µµÂø. ¥£) ¸ðµç ÆÐŶÀÌ µ¿ÀÏ °æ·Î¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇϹǷΠµ¥ÀÌÅÍÀÇ Àü¼Û ¼Óµµ°¡ ºñ±³Àû ÀÏÁ¤ ¡ª ´ÜÁ¡ : ½ÇÁ¦ µ¥ÀÌÅÍÀÇ Àü¼Û Àü¿¡ °¡»ó ȸ¼±À» ¼³Á¤Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ½Ã°£ Áö¿¬ÀÌ ÇÊ¿ä. µû¶ó¼ ÀûÀº ¾çÀÇ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ Àü¼ÛÇÒ °æ¿ì ½ÇÁ¦ µ¥ÀÌÅÍÀÇ Àü¼Û ½Ã°£¿¡ ºñÇØ È¸¼± ¼³Á¤À» À§ÇÑ ½Ã°£ ºñ¿ëÀÌ ³Ê¹« Ä¿Áö¹Ç·Î È¿À²ÀÌ ³ª»Ý. (2) µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥ ¼ºñ½º ¡ª °¢ ÆÐŶÀÌ µ¶¸³ÀûÀ¸·Î 󸮵Ê. ¡ª °¢ ÆÐŶ¸¶´Ù ¸ñÀûÁöÀÇ ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ °¡Áö¸ç, °¢ ³ëµå´Â ÆÐŶÀÌ ¼ÓÇÑ ¸Þ½ÃÁö¿Í´Â °ü°è¾øÀÌ °¢ ÆÐŶ´ÜÀ§·Î µ¶¸³ÀûÀÎ Àü¼Û °æ·Î¸¦ °áÁ¤. µû¶ó¼ °¢ ³ëµå´Â °¢ ÆÐŶ¸¶´Ù µ¶¸³ÀûÀ¸·Î °æ·Î¸¦ ¹èÁ¤ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¡ª ÀåÁ¡ ¥¡) °¡»ó °æ·Î ¼³Á¤ ´Ü°è°¡ ¾ø´Ù. ¥¢) ÀûÀº ¼öÀÇ ÆÐŶ¸¸À» Àü¼ÛÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÒ ¶§ °¡»ó ȸ¼± ¹æ½Äº¸´Ù ÈξÀ ºü¸§. ¥£) ÇϳªÀÇ °æ·Î°¡ È¥ÀâÇÑ °æ¿ì ´Ù¸¥ °æ·Î¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© Àü¼ÛÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, °æ·Î»óÀÇ ³ëµå°¡ °íÀåÀÌ´õ¶óµµ ´Ù¸¥ ³ëµå¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© ÆÐŶÀ» º¸³¾ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î Åë½Å¸ÁÀÇ »óȲ¿¡ µû¶ó ±×¶§±×¶§ À¶Å뼺ÀÖ°Ô ´ëÀÀÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¡ª ´ÜÁ¡ : ¸ñÀûÁö¿¡ ¼ö½ÅµÇ´Â ÆÐŶµéÀº óÀ½ ¼Û½ÅµÈ ¼ø¼¿Í ´Ù¸£°Ô ¼ö½ÅµÇ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹´Ù. (°¢ ÆÐŶÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ °æ·Î¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© Àü¼ÛµÇ¹Ç·Î)[±×¸² 6-1]
Issue | Virtual circuit | Datagram |
---|---|---|
Destination address | Only need during setup ( Virtual circuit no. in every packet ) |
Needed in every packet |
Error handling | Transparent to transport layer ( done in the network layer ) |
Explicitly done by the transport layer |
End-to-end flow control | Provided by the network layer | Not provided by the subnet |
Packet sequencing | Message always passed to the transport layer in the order sent | Messages passed to the transport layer in the order they arrive |
Initial setup | Required | Not possible |
Usage | Interactive systems with a few char. / packet ( no full destination address ) | Transaction processing systems |
Crashing | Vulnerable | Invulnerable |
6.2 ÆÐŶ ±³È¯ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© (PSDN) 6.2.1 X.25 ¡ª CCITT (±¹Á¦ Àü½Å ÀüÈ À§¿øȸ) ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÆÐŶ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º ¸í¼¼. ¡ª »ç¿ëÀÚ µð¹ÙÀ̽º (DTE)¿Í ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ³ëµå°£¿¡ µ¥ÀÌÅÍÀÇ ±³È¯À» À§ÇÑ ÀýÂ÷¸¦ Á¤ÀÇ. ¡ª Physical Layer : X.21 (bis). ¡ª Link Level : LAP-B. ¡ª Packet Level : Virtual Circuit Service.[±×¸² 6-3] X.25 Network access protocol ¡ª ±×¸²¿¡¼Ã³·³ X.25¸¦ ÀÌ·ç´Â 3°¡Áö ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀº End-to-End°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ LocalÀûÀÎ ÀǹÌ(Local Significance)¸¸ ÀÖ´Ù. ¡ª X.21 ¢¡ DTE¿Í DCE »çÀÌ¿¡ ¹°¸® ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ Á¤ÀÇÇϴµ¥ »ç¿ë. ¡ª LAP-B ¢¡ HDLC ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀÇ º¯Çü.[±×¸² 6-4] X.25 ¸Þ½ÃÁö ´ÜÀ§¿Í °èÃþ°£ »óÈ£ ÀÛ¿ë 6.2.2 ¸µÅ© °èÃþ ¡ª ¿¡·¯¿Í È帧 Á¦¾î. ¡ª °¡»ó ȸ¼±°ú °ü·Ã ¾øÀ½. ¡ª LAPB (Link Access Procedure Balanced) : HDLCÀÇ ºñµ¿±â ÆòÇü ¸ðµå (ABM)¸¦ »ç¿ë. 6.2.3 ÆÐŶ (³×Æ®¿öÅ©) °èÃþ (1) ´ÙÁßÈ ¡ª ´ÜÀÏ DTE-PSE ¸µÅ© »ó¿¡ °¡»ó ȸ¼±µé°ú ¿µ±¸ °¡»ó ȸ¼± (Permanent Virtual Circuit)µéÀÌ ´ÙÁßȵǾîÁø´Ù. °¡»ó ȸ¼±À» Åë½ÅÇÒ ¶§¸¶´Ù »ó´ë¸¦ ÁöÁ¤ÇÏ¿© ¼³Á¤µÇÁö¸¸ ¿µ±¸ °¡»ó ȸ¼±Àº Åë½Å »ó´ë¸¦ ¹Ì¸® °íÁ¤ÇÑ °¡»ó ȸ¼±ÀÌ´Ù. (2) È帧 Á¦¾î ¡ª °¢ °¡»ó ȸ¼±»óÀÇ È帧 Á¦¾î. (3) ¿¡·¯ ȸº¹ ¡ª Reset Procedure : Window Á¦ÇÑÀ» À§¹ÝÇÑ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ÆÐŶÀ» ¼ö½ÅÇÑ °æ¿ì µîÀÇ ´ÜÀÏ °¡»ó ȸ¼±¿¡ °ü°èµÇ´Â ¿¡·¯°¡ »ý°åÀ» ¶§ Reset¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±× °¡»ó ȸ¼±À» ÇØÁ¦. ¡ª Restart Procedure : ¾î¶² DTEÀÇ °¡»ó ȸ¼± ¹øÈ£°¡ °°Àº °ÍÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ª¸é, ±× DTEÀÇ ¸ðµç °¡»ó ȸ¼±À» ÇØÁ¦.
Network Service Primitive | X.25 Action |
---|---|
N-CONNECT.request N-CONNECT.indication N-CONNECT.response N-CONNECT.confirm |
Send CALL REQUEST CALL REQUEST arrives Send CALL ACCEPTED CALL ACCEPTED arrives |
N-DISCONNECT.request N-DISCONNECT.indication |
Send CLEAR REQUEST CLEAR REQUEST arrives |
N-DATA.request N-DATA.indication |
Send Data packet Data packet arrives |
N-DATA-ACKNOWLEDGE.request N-DATA-ACKNOWLEDGE.indication |
No packet No packet |
N-EXPEDITED-DATA.request N-EXPEDITED-DATA.indication |
Send INTERRUPT INTERRUPT arrives |
N-RESET.request N-RESET.indication N-RESET.response N-RESET.confirm |
Send RESET REQUEST RESET REQUEST arrives none none |
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