Chap 6. ÆÐŶ ±³È¯

µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© (PSDN)





	6.1 ±³È¯ ¹æ½Ä

¡ª ¸Þ½ÃÁö¸¦ ÆÐŶ (Packet)À̶ó°í ºÎ¸£´Â ÀÏÁ¤ Å©±â·Î ÀÚ¸£°í °¢ ÆÐŶ¸¶´Ù
 ÁÖ¼Ò µîÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ Çì´õ (Header)¸¦ ÷°¡ÇÏ¿© Çì´õ³»ÀÇ Á¦¾î Á¤º¸¿¡ µû¶ó¼­
 ÆÐŶÀ» ÃàÀû ±³È¯ÇÏ¿© ¼Û½ÅÇÏ´Â ±³È¯¸Á.
	
    6.1.1 ¼­ºñ½º ÇüÅÂ
(1) °¡»ó ȸ¼± (Virtual Circuit) ¼­ºñ½º
	¡ª µ¥ÀÌÅÍÀÇ Àü¼Û Àü¿¡ ¼Û½Å ½ºÅ×À̼ǰú ¼ö½Å ½ºÅ×ÀÌ¼Ç »çÀÌ¿¡
	 ÆÐŶÀÌ Àü¼ÛµÉ ³í¸®Àû °æ·Î(°¡»ó ȸ¼±)¸¦ ¼³Á¤.
	¡ª ÀÏ´Ü °æ·Î°¡ ¼³Á¤µÇ¸é µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ¸Þ½ÃÁö¿¡ ¼ÓÇÑ ¸ðµç ÆÐŶµéÀº
	 µ¿ÀÏÇÑ °¡»ó ȸ¼±À» ÅëÇÏ¿© ÃàÀû ±³È¯ ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î Àü¼Û.
	¡ª °¡»ó ȸ¼±ÀÇ ¼³Á¤ (Setup Phase), µ¥ÀÌÅÍ Àü¼Û (Data
	 Transfer Phase), °¡»ó ȸ¼± ÇØÁ¦ (Shut Down Phase)ÀÇ
	 3´Ü°è°¡ ¼öÇàµÊ.
	¡ª ÀåÁ¡
		¥¡) °¡»ó ȸ¼±ÀÌ ¼³Á¤µÈ ÈÄ¿¡´Â ³ëµå¿¡¼­ ÆÐŶÀÇ °æ·Î¸¦
		 °áÁ¤Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ½Ã°£ Áö¿¬ÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¹Ç·Î ´ë·®ÀÇ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦
		 ¿¬¼ÓÀ¸·Î Àü¼ÛÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥ ¹æ½Äº¸´Ù È¿À²Àû.
		¥¢) °°Àº ¸Þ½ÃÁö¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ÆÐŶµéÀº °¡»óȸ¼±À» µû¶ó
		 ¿¬¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î Àü¼Û. 
		µû¶ó¼­ ¼ö½Å ½ºÅ×À̼ǿ¡´Â °°Àº ¸Þ½ÃÁö¿¡ ¼ÓÇÑ ¸ðµç ÆÐŶµéÀÌ
		¼Û½Å ½ºÅ×À̼ǿ¡¼­ º¸³½ ¼ø¼­´ë·Î µµÂø.
		¥£) ¸ðµç ÆÐŶÀÌ µ¿ÀÏ °æ·Î¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇϹǷΠµ¥ÀÌÅÍÀÇ
		 Àü¼Û ¼Óµµ°¡ ºñ±³Àû ÀÏÁ¤
	¡ª ´ÜÁ¡
		: ½ÇÁ¦ µ¥ÀÌÅÍÀÇ Àü¼Û Àü¿¡ °¡»ó ȸ¼±À» ¼³Á¤Çϱâ À§ÇÑ
		 ½Ã°£ Áö¿¬ÀÌ ÇÊ¿ä. 
		µû¶ó¼­ ÀûÀº ¾çÀÇ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ Àü¼ÛÇÒ °æ¿ì ½ÇÁ¦ µ¥ÀÌÅÍÀÇ
		 Àü¼Û ½Ã°£¿¡ ºñÇØ È¸¼± ¼³Á¤À» À§ÇÑ ½Ã°£ ºñ¿ëÀÌ ³Ê¹«
		 Ä¿Áö¹Ç·Î È¿À²ÀÌ ³ª»Ý.

(2) µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥ ¼­ºñ½º
	¡ª °¢ ÆÐŶÀÌ µ¶¸³ÀûÀ¸·Î 󸮵Ê.
	¡ª °¢ ÆÐŶ¸¶´Ù ¸ñÀûÁöÀÇ ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ °¡Áö¸ç, °¢ ³ëµå´Â ÆÐŶÀÌ ¼ÓÇÑ
	 ¸Þ½ÃÁö¿Í´Â °ü°è¾øÀÌ °¢ ÆÐŶ´ÜÀ§·Î µ¶¸³ÀûÀÎ Àü¼Û °æ·Î¸¦ °áÁ¤.
	 µû¶ó¼­ °¢ ³ëµå´Â °¢ ÆÐŶ¸¶´Ù µ¶¸³ÀûÀ¸·Î °æ·Î¸¦ ¹èÁ¤ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
		
	¡ª ÀåÁ¡
		¥¡) °¡»ó °æ·Î ¼³Á¤ ´Ü°è°¡ ¾ø´Ù.
		¥¢) ÀûÀº ¼öÀÇ ÆÐŶ¸¸À» Àü¼ÛÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÒ ¶§ °¡»ó ȸ¼± ¹æ½Äº¸´Ù 
		ÈξÀ ºü¸§.
		¥£) ÇϳªÀÇ °æ·Î°¡ È¥ÀâÇÑ °æ¿ì ´Ù¸¥ °æ·Î¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© Àü¼ÛÇÒ ¼ö
		 ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, °æ·Î»óÀÇ ³ëµå°¡ °íÀåÀÌ´õ¶óµµ ´Ù¸¥ ³ëµå¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿©
		 ÆÐŶÀ» º¸³¾ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î Åë½Å¸ÁÀÇ »óȲ¿¡ µû¶ó ±×¶§±×¶§
		 À¶Å뼺ÀÖ°Ô ´ëÀÀÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
	¡ª ´ÜÁ¡
		: ¸ñÀûÁö¿¡ ¼ö½ÅµÇ´Â ÆÐŶµéÀº óÀ½ ¼Û½ÅµÈ ¼ø¼­¿Í ´Ù¸£°Ô
		¼ö½ÅµÇ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹´Ù.
		(°¢ ÆÐŶÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ °æ·Î¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© Àü¼ÛµÇ¹Ç·Î)
[±×¸² 6-1]
Virtual circuit°ú DatagramÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ
Issue Virtual circuit Datagram
Destination address Only need during setup
( Virtual circuit no. in every packet )
Needed in every packet
Error handling Transparent to transport layer
( done in the network layer )
Explicitly done by the transport layer
End-to-end flow control Provided by the network layer Not provided by the subnet
Packet sequencing Message always passed to the transport layer in the order sent Messages passed to the transport layer in the order they arrive
Initial setup Required Not possible
Usage Interactive systems with a few char. / packet ( no full destination address ) Transaction processing systems
Crashing Vulnerable Invulnerable
[±×¸² 6-2] Virtual circuit°ú DatagramÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ



	6.2 ÆÐŶ ±³È¯ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© (PSDN)

    6.2.1 X.25
¡ª CCITT (±¹Á¦ Àü½Å ÀüÈ­ À§¿øȸ) ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÆÐŶ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º ¸í¼¼.
¡ª »ç¿ëÀÚ µð¹ÙÀ̽º (DTE)¿Í ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ³ëµå°£¿¡ µ¥ÀÌÅÍÀÇ ±³È¯À» À§ÇÑ
 ÀýÂ÷¸¦ Á¤ÀÇ.
¡ª Physical Layer : X.21 (bis).
¡ª Link Level : LAP-B.
¡ª Packet Level : Virtual Circuit Service.
[±×¸² 6-3] X.25 Network access protocol
¡ª ±×¸²¿¡¼­Ã³·³ X.25¸¦ ÀÌ·ç´Â 3°¡Áö ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀº End-to-End°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ LocalÀûÀÎ ÀǹÌ(Local Significance)¸¸ ÀÖ´Ù. ¡ª X.21 ¢¡ DTE¿Í DCE »çÀÌ¿¡ ¹°¸® ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ Á¤ÀÇÇϴµ¥ »ç¿ë. ¡ª LAP-B ¢¡ HDLC ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀÇ º¯Çü.
[±×¸² 6-4] X.25 ¸Þ½ÃÁö ´ÜÀ§¿Í °èÃþ°£ »óÈ£ ÀÛ¿ë
6.2.2 ¸µÅ© °èÃþ ¡ª ¿¡·¯¿Í È帧 Á¦¾î. ¡ª °¡»ó ȸ¼±°ú °ü·Ã ¾øÀ½. ¡ª LAPB (Link Access Procedure Balanced) : HDLCÀÇ ºñµ¿±â ÆòÇü ¸ðµå (ABM)¸¦ »ç¿ë. 6.2.3 ÆÐŶ (³×Æ®¿öÅ©) °èÃþ (1) ´ÙÁßÈ­ ¡ª ´ÜÀÏ DTE-PSE ¸µÅ© »ó¿¡ °¡»ó ȸ¼±µé°ú ¿µ±¸ °¡»ó ȸ¼± (Permanent Virtual Circuit)µéÀÌ ´ÙÁßÈ­µÇ¾îÁø´Ù. °¡»ó ȸ¼±À» Åë½ÅÇÒ ¶§¸¶´Ù »ó´ë¸¦ ÁöÁ¤ÇÏ¿© ¼³Á¤µÇÁö¸¸ ¿µ±¸ °¡»ó ȸ¼±Àº Åë½Å »ó´ë¸¦ ¹Ì¸® °íÁ¤ÇÑ °¡»ó ȸ¼±ÀÌ´Ù. (2) È帧 Á¦¾î ¡ª °¢ °¡»ó ȸ¼±»óÀÇ È帧 Á¦¾î. (3) ¿¡·¯ ȸº¹ ¡ª Reset Procedure : Window Á¦ÇÑÀ» À§¹ÝÇÑ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ÆÐŶÀ» ¼ö½ÅÇÑ °æ¿ì µîÀÇ ´ÜÀÏ °¡»ó ȸ¼±¿¡ °ü°èµÇ´Â ¿¡·¯°¡ »ý°åÀ» ¶§ Reset¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±× °¡»ó ȸ¼±À» ÇØÁ¦. ¡ª Restart Procedure : ¾î¶² DTEÀÇ °¡»ó ȸ¼± ¹øÈ£°¡ °°Àº °ÍÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ª¸é, ±× DTEÀÇ ¸ðµç °¡»ó ȸ¼±À» ÇØÁ¦.
EXAMPLES OF THE NETWORK LAYER
Network Service Primitive X.25 Action
  N-CONNECT.request
  N-CONNECT.indication
  N-CONNECT.response
  N-CONNECT.confirm
  Send CALL REQUEST
  CALL REQUEST arrives
  Send CALL ACCEPTED
  CALL ACCEPTED arrives
  N-DISCONNECT.request
  N-DISCONNECT.indication
  Send CLEAR REQUEST
  CLEAR REQUEST arrives
  N-DATA.request
  N-DATA.indication
  Send Data packet
  Data packet arrives
  N-DATA-ACKNOWLEDGE.request
  N-DATA-ACKNOWLEDGE.indication
  No packet
  No packet
  N-EXPEDITED-DATA.request
  N-EXPEDITED-DATA.indication
  Send INTERRUPT
  INTERRUPT arrives
  N-RESET.request
  N-RESET.indication
  N-RESET.response
  N-RESET.confirm
  Send RESET REQUEST
  RESET REQUEST arrives
  none
  none
[±×¸² 6-5]


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